2006年同等学力人员申请硕士学位英语水平全国统一考试
Paper One试卷一（90 minutes）
Part Ⅰ Dialogue Communication（10minutes，10 points）
Section A Dialogue Completion
Direction：In this section，you will read five short incomplete dialogues between two speakers，each followed by four choices marked A，B，C，and D. Choose the best answer that best suits the situation to complete the dialogue by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.
1. A：Sorry to bother you，but could you tell me the way to Sunset Road？
B：
A. Sorry，I couldn’t help. B. Yes，what can I do for you？
C. I’m afraid I have no idea. D. It’s not too far from here，is it？
2. A：Do you do exercises every day？
B：
A. No，it depends on what kind of exercise.
B. No，I go to health club most of the time.
C. Yes，usually every other day.
D. Yes，rain or shine.
3. A：That was a delicious meal，Mrs. Barr. Thank you very much.
B：
A. You’re welcome. B. Never mind.
C. It doesn’t matter. D. It’s just OK.
4. A：I have a last favor to ask of you. Could you drive my daughter to the airport？
B：
A. Shall I get the ticket for her. B. Yeah，I like that.
C. You bet I will. D. Sure， it’d be a pleasure.
5. A：May I see the dentist now？
B：
A. Is it a real emergency？
B. Do you have an appointment？
C. In that case，you’ll have to wait.
D. I’ll talk to the dentist and squeeze you in.
Section B Dialogue Comprehension
Direction：In this section，you will read five short conversations between a man and a woman，At the end of each conversation there is a question followed by four choices marked A，B，C，and D. Choose the best answer to the question from the four choices by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.
6. Man：I’m going to ask the neighbors to turn the music down. I can’t hear myself think.
Woman：Do you really think it makes my difference to them？
Question：What does the woman mean？
A. He should have told them earlier. B. It is of no use to turn the music down.
C. The neighbors will not listen to him. D. He should focus on his own thinking.
7. Man：What shall we take for the rap？
Woman：We’d better take the bare necessities.
Question：What does the woman suggest？
A. They should take as little as possible.
B. They should take their daily necessities.
C. They should take as much as they can.
D. They should take nothing with them.
8. Woman：We are going to go away on vacation ... Can you hear me？
Man：I’m all ears.
Question：What does the man mean？
A. He is listening attentively. B. He couldn’t care less.
C. He likes the woman’s idea. D. He is against the woman’s plan.
9. Woman：I’m really behind with my project. Can you help me？
Man：I’m afraid you bit off more than you could chew！
Question：What does the man mean？
A. He is not willing to help the woman.
B. The woman is unable to do the project.
C. The woman is doing more than she can manage.
D. He is not in a position to help the woman.
10. Woman：There’s Bill on his motorcycle again. Did he get it fixed in the garage？
Man：Don’t be silly. That would have been a waste of money. It only had a flat tire.
Question：What does the man imply？
A. The woman was so silly as to waste much money.
B. It was costly to have the motorcycle fixed in the garage.
C. Bill must have repaired my motorcycle himself.
D. There was a serious problem with the motorcycle.
Part Ⅱ Vocabulary（10 minutes，10 points）
Section A
Direction：In this section there are ten sentences，each with one word or phrase underlined. Choose the one from the four choices marked A，B，C and D that best keeps the meaning of the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.
11. Readers are required to abide by the rules of the library and mind their manners.
A. observe B. memorize C. review D. compose
12. The coach explained the regulations at length to make sure that none of his players would become violators.
A. at last B. at large C. in detail D. in short
13. The cost of healthcare and health insurance remains the most urgent health problem facing the country today.
A. pressing B. important C. neglected D. complicated
14. She believes that she is not a good mother because she does not fit the stereotype of a woman who spends all her time with her children.
A. popular image B. common standard
C. fixed conception D. pleasant notion
15. Thus the most logical approach is to focus our analysis on the trade relations of
A. reasoning B. conclusion C. position D. method
16. We no longer keep up the close friendship of a few years ago though we still visit each other on occasion.
A. in good time B. up to date
C. now and then D. once and for all
17. The university offered several more courses for the purpose of furthering the career aspirations of its students.
A. ambitions B. achievements C. advantages D. advances
18. Many women prefer to use cosmetics to enhance their beauty and make them look younger.
A. enforce B. magnify C. improve D. polish
19. The leaders of the two countries are planning their summit meeting with a pledge to maintain and develop good ties.
A. strategy B. standpoint C. promise D. priority
20. Many youngsters have heard their parents say，“You’ll never amount to anything if you keep daydreaming that way！”
A. be equal to B. accomplish C. add up to D. pursue
Section B
21. Two decades ago a woman who shook hands with men on her own _____ was usually viewed as too forward.
A. endeavor B. initiative C. motivation D. preference
22. The fruit_____ more than half the country’s annual exports according to a recent report.
A. accounts for B. stands for C. provides for D. makes for
23. The violent_____ f his youth reappeared and was directed not only at the army but at his wife as well.
A. impatience B. character C. temper D. quality
24. This hypothesis states that environments that are too clean may actually make the_____ system develop oversensitive responses.
A. mental B. nervous C. immune D. physical
25. The Adult Vocational College is an opportunity to gain the right qualifications for various careers for it offers an_____ range of subjects and courses.
A. additional B. excessive C. adequate D. extensive
26. It’s disturbing to note how many of the crimes we do know about were detected _____ not by systematic inspections or other security procedures.
A. by accident B. on schedule C. in general D. at intervals
27. You can always_____ Jim in a crisis，for he is simply the most helpful person I’ve ever known.
A. refer to B. count on C. cope with D. run into
28. He wanted to stay at home，but at last he agreed，very_____，though，to go to the concert.
A. decisively B. reluctantly C. willingly D. deliberately
29. The audience，hostile at first，were greatly_____ by her excellent performance.
A. annoyed B. encouraged C. impressed D. depressed
30. Many birds and insects can build_____ nests to provide shelter for their young.
A. glories B. elaborate C. splendid D. advanced
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension（45minutes，25points）
Directions：There are five passages in this part. Each passage is followed by five questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A，B，C and D. Choose the best one and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.
Passage One
At all ages and at all stages of life，fear presents a problem to almost everyone.“We are largely the playthings of our fears，”wrote the British author Horace Walpole many years ago.“To one，fear of the dark；to another，of physical pain；to a third，of public ridicule；to a fourth，of poverty；to a fifth，of loneliness—for all of us our particular creature waits in a hidden place.”
Fear is often a useful emotion. When you become frightened，many physical changes occur within your body. Your heartbeat and responses quicken；your pupils expand to admit more light；large quantities of energy-producing adrenalin（肾上腺素）are poured into your bloodstream. Confronted with a fire or accident，fear can fuel life-saving flight（逃离）. Similarly，when a danger is psychological rather than physical，fear can force you to take self-protective measures. It is only when fear is disproportional to the danger at hand that it becomes a problem.
Some people are simply more vulnerable to fear than others. A visit to the newborn nursery of any large hospital will demonstrate that，from the moment of their births，a few fortunate infants respond calmly to sudden fear-producing situations such as a loudly slammed door. Yet a neighbor in the next bed may cry out with profound fright. From birth，he or she is more prone to learn fearful responses because he or she has inherited a tendency to be more sensitive.
Further，psychologists know that our early experiences and relationships strongly shape and determine our later fears. A young man named Bill，for example，grew up with a father who regarded each adversity as a temporary obstacle to be overcome with imagination and courage. Using his father as a model，Bill came to welcome adventure and to trust his own ability to solve problems.
Phil’s dad，however，spent most of his time trying to protect himself and his family. Afraid to risk the insecurity of a job change，he remained unhappy in one position. He avoided long vacations because“the car might break down.”Growing up in such a home，Phil naturally learned to become fearful and tense.
31. In the last sentence of Paragraph 1，“our particular creature”refers to .
A. fear of something B. a fierce beast
C. physical pain D. public ridicule
32. Fear can be useful emotion to us because it can .
A. stimulate many physical changes within our body
B. quicken our heartbeat and responses
C. pour large quantities of adrenaline into our bloodstream
D. help us respond quickly to danger and protect ourselves
33. Fear becomes a problem only when .
A. the danger is thought greater than it really is
B. the danger is more psychological than physical
C. one cannot stand the danger
D. one is not well prepared for it
34. Different responses of newborn infants to a loudly slammed door imply that .
A. some people are inherently more easily affected by danger
B. people’s response to stimuli is not an inherited feature
C. some people seem to be very sensitive to noise
D. people sometimes seem to turn a deaf ear to noise
35. Psychologists have found that our later fears are determined largely by our .
A. home education B. school education
C. parents’ lifestyle D. early experiences
Passage Two
Sea horses are unusual parents. The female sea horses lay the eggs，but unlike other creatures，it’s the males that give birth to the young.
Male sea horse have a fold of skin on their bellies that forms a pocket，called a brood pouch. During the breeding season，the sea horse’s pouch swells to receive eggs. A female sea horse lays up to 200 eggs at a time in the pouch. Then she swims off，leaving her male partner to care for the developing eggs and give birth to young sea horses. The female will return every day to check on her mate and the eggs，but she doesn’t stay long，nor does she take part in the birth.
It takes from two to six weeks for the eggs in the male’s pouch to develop. During this time the male avoids open water and hides in sea grass. His big pouch makes it difficult for him to swim，so the male often uses his tail to grasp a piece of sea grass. Firmly，gripping the grass，he will stay perfectly still for hours or even days. The male sea horse will change his color to blend with his surroundings and avoid being seen by predators who will try to eat him or poke holes in his pouch to get the eggs.
The eggs hatch inside the male’s pouch. When the babies begin moving around，the male sea horse knows it’s time for them to be born. He grabs a sea grass stem with his tail and begins rocking，bending，and stretching his body back and forth． This causes the opening to enlarge until it is wide enough for the first baby sea horse to shoot out. The father sea horse continues rocking，bending，and stretching his body so that the rest of the babies can be born. Sometimes he has to press his pouch against a rock or some stiff seaweed to force the young out.
Sea horse babies are born in groups of five or more. Sometimes it takes two days for the father sea horse to give birth to all his young. He is very tired when it’s over.
Soon after giving birth to one brood，the male will approach his mate and show her his empty pouch. This tells her he is ready to receive eggs again.
36. What part does the female sea horse play in having babies？
A. Receiving eggs. B. Laying eggs.
C. Hatching eggs. D. Protecting eggs.
37. What can be learned from the passage about giving birth to baby sea horses？
A. It is dangerous for the female. B. It happens once a year.
C. It is hard work for the male. D. It occurs in the deep sea.
38. To protect himself and his eggs，the male sea horse does all the following EXCEPT .
A. changing his color B. gripping a piece of grass
C. staying motionless D. enlarging his pouch
39. The author suggests when sea horse babies are ready to be born .
A. the male sea horse seems very happy
B. it is difficult for them to come out
C. the female sea horse joins the male
D. they need large space in the pouch
40. Which fact does the author want the reader to remember most？
A. The male sea horse gives birth to the young.
B. The female sea horse lays up to 200 eggs at a time.
C. Baby sea horse are born in groups of five or more.
D. The female will return every day to check on the eggs.
Passage Three
When 23-year-old Eric Atienza graduated from college last year，he didn’t have a job. Not wanting to give up his apartment and move back with his parents，he did what many young Americans are doing：he signed up with a temp agency，which places workers on short-term jobs. Temporary workers such as Atienza comprise 20 percent of the
Using temporary workers allows companies to increase or decrease the number of staff as their workloads change. It also allows companies to avoid the costs involved in hiring and firing long-term employees.
Many temp agency owners and career specialists say temping is a good way for recent graduates to get experience.“Short-term jobs let graduates try out different companies to find the best fit，”said Pegi Wheatley，owner of McCall Staffing，a San Francisco temp agency.
But things don’t always work out that way.“When I started temping，I had this notion that a temporary job could turn full-time. It worked for a friend of mine，but that didn’t happen for me，”said Atienza，who quickly became bored with his office work. Atienza stayed with the temp agency because he could earn US $ 10 an hour doing office work. Other short-term jobs，such as working as a store clerk or in a café，pay about US $ 7.
But there were trade-offs for the higher pay. Because in the US，health insurance is provided through employer，most temps are not eligible for workplace health benefits. Atienza ran the risk that an accident or illness would land him in the hospital with no way to pay the bill. Other drawbacks，though less serious，still mean that temping for most graduates is exactly what its name implies—a temporary choice. Instability，gaps between contracts，lack of vacation time and isolation from other employees are often-cited negatives.
“Temping gave me the time to figure out what I wanted to do，because I could pay off my bills. But none of that came from the jobs themselves，”said Atienza，who quit temping last month in favor of a full-time job.
41. Atienza took a short-term job mainly because .
A. he didn’t want to give up his apartment B. he liked to try out different companies
C. he wanted to get more experience D. he couldn’t find a long-term job
42. According to the passage，in the year of 2005，the United States had a workforce of more than .
A. 25 million B. 12.5 million C. 4.17 million D. 2.5 million
43. Which is NOT mentioned as an advantage of temping？
A. It gives recent graduates experience.
B. It enables employers to adjust their workforce.
C. A temporary job will turn full-time.
D. Employers can reduce their costs.
44. Atinenza stayed with the temp agency for some time because______.
A. he liked his office work B. he was satisfied with the pay
C. his employer provided health insurance D. he hated gaps between contracts
45. What does the word“trade-offs”in Paragraph five mean？
A. Benefits B. Compromises C. Risks D. Disadvantages
Passage Four
Scientists are hoping to eliminate malaria（疟疾）by developing a genetically modified mosquito that cannot transmit the disease. Malaria has long troubled the populations of South America，Africa，and Asia，where mosquito bites infect up to 500 million people a year with this serious and sometimes fatal parasitic blood disease. For generations，scientists have been trying to eliminate malaria by developing new drugs and using pesticide（杀虫剂）to wipe out local mosquito populations. But these measures aren’t working—and some scientists，like Greg Lanzaro，say that because of drug resistance and population changes，malaria is actually more prevalent now than it was 20 years ago. Lanzaro says he has a better way to stop the spread of malaria：genetically modifying mosquitoes so they are unable to carry the disease.
Lanzaro and his colleagues are planning a multi-year project to produce malaria-resistant mosquitoes—and he thinks they can do it within five years.“We can get foreign genes into mosquitoes and they go where they’re supposed to go，”Lanzaro says，pointing out that scientists have already succeeded in genetically engineering mosquitoes that cannot transmit malaria to birds and mice. And，he says，scientists are quickly making progress on genes that block transmission of the disease to humans as well.
The most difficult part scientifically，Lanzaro says，is figuring out how to get the lab-engineered mosquitoes to spread their genes into natural populations after all，he points out，it’s useless to engineer mosquitoes in the lab that can’t transmit malaria when there are millions out in the wild that can. To solve this problem，Lanzaro wants to load up a mobile piece of DNA with the malaria-resistant gene，and then insert it into a group of mosquito embryos. The malaria-resistant gene would be integrated directly into the mosquitoes’ DNA，making it impossible for those mosquitoes to transmit the parasite that causes malaria. In this way a small group of lab-raised mosquitoes could be released into the wild，and by interbreeding with wild mosquitoes，eventually transmit the beneficial gene to the entire population.
46. One reason for malaria to be more widespread now is that .
A. more people have moved to malaria-infected areas
B. mosquitoes have become resistant to pesticides
C. genetically modified mosquitoes still transmit the disease
D. mosquitoes bite as many as 500 million people a year
47. Lanzaro is hopeful that in a few year man can .
A. start to eliminate malaria B. cure parasitic blood diseases
C. prevent mice form transmitting parasites D. acquire immunity against malaria
48. Lanzaro is confident that scientists can block the transmissions of malaria to humans because .
A. natural mosquito populations do not change
B. scientists have succeeded with birds and mice
C. foreign genes always go where they are required
D. lab-raised mosquitoes will not be resistant to drugs
49. What is the most difficult part of Lanzaro’s project？
A. Spreading malaria-resistant genes into natural mosquito populations.
B. Raising malaria-resistant mosquitoes.
C. Making genes that block the transmission of malaria.
D. Identifying malaria-resistant genes.
50. According to the passage，a fundamental way to wipe out malaria is to .
A. develop new malaria-resistant drugs
B. produce effective pesticides to kill mosquitoes
C. change the genetic makeup of mosquitoes
D. remove people from malaria-infected areas
Passage Five
According to Scott Adams，creator of the comic strip（系列漫画）Dilbert，the annual performance review is“one of the most frightening and weakening experiences in every employee’s life. Adam’s stories and comic figures poke fun at the workplace，but his characterization of people’s feelings about the annual performance review has its serious side. Although a recent study of 437 companies indicates that effective annual performance reviews can help raise profits，most employees of those companies hate them.
In theory，annual performance reviews are constructive and positive interactions between managers and employees working together to attain maximum performance and strengthen the organization. In reality，they often create division，undermine morale，and spark anger and jealousy. Thus，although the object of the annual performance review is to improve performance，it often has the opposite result. A programmer at an IT firm was stunned to learn at her annual performance review that she was denied a promotion because she wasn’t a“team player”. What were the data used to make this judgment？She didn’t smile in the company photo.
Although this story might sound as if it came straight out of Dilbert，it is a true account of one woman’s experience. By following a few ideas and guidelines from industry analysis，this kind of ordeal can be avoided：
To end the year with a positive and useful performance review，managers and employees must start the year by working together to establish clear goals and expectations.
It may be helpful to allow employees to propose a list of people associated with the company who will be in a good position to assess their performance at the end of the year；these people may be co-workers，suppliers，or even customers.
Goals should be measurable but flexible，and everyone should sign off on the plan.
By checking employees’ progress at about nine months，managers can give them a chance to correct mistakes and provide guidance to those who need it before the year is out.
When conducting the review，managers should highlight strengths and weaknesses during the past year and discuss future responsibilities，avoiding punishment or blame.
In short，when employees leave their performance reviews，they should be focusing on what they can do better in the year ahead，not worrying about what went into their files about the past.
51. In his comic strip Dilbert，Scott Adams .
A. make fun of working people B. tells a story about as woman employee
C. promote team spirit among co-workers D. mocks annual performance reviews
52. All the following are mentioned as the drawbacks of annual performance reviews EXCEPT
.
A. reducing efficiency B. creating tension
C. undermining morale D. inducing anger
53. The word“ordeal”Paragraph 3 probably refers to .
A. likelihood of promotion B. depressive experience
C. poor performance D. unrealistic expectation
54. The annual performance reviews，to be effective，must focus on .
A. making employees aware of their company’s future goals
B. involving employees in assessing their own performance
C. encouraging employees to achieve better future performance
D. highlighting what responsibilities employees have failed in
55. The general attitude of the author toward Adam’s comic strip Dilbert is .
A. negative B. positive C. neutral D. unclear
Part Ⅳ Cloze Test（15 minutes，15 points）
Directions：In this part，there is a passage with fifteen blanks. For each blank there are four choices marked A，B，C and D. Choose the best answer for each blank and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.
Advertising is a form of selling. For thousands of years there have been individuals who have tried to 56 others to buy the food they have produced or the goods they have made or the services they can 57 .
But in the 19th century，the mass production of goods 58 the Industrial Revolution made person-to-person selling inefficient. The mass distribution of goods that 59 the development of the railway and highway made person-to-person selling too slow and expensive. At the same time，mass communication，firstnewspapers and magazines，then radio and television，made mass selling through 60 possible.
The objective of any advertisement is to convince people that it is in their best 61 to take the action the advertiser is recommending. The action 62 be to purchase a product，use a service，vote for a political candidate，or even to join the Army.
Advertising as a 63 developed first and most rapidly in the United States，the country that uses it to the greatest 64 . In 1980 advertising expenditures in the
67 advertising brings the economics of mass selling to the manufacturer，it produces benefits for the consumer 68 . Some of those economies are passed along to the purchaser so that the cost of a product sold primarily through advertising is usually far 69 than one sold through personal salespeople. Advertising brings people immediate news about products that have just come on the market. Finally，advertising 70 for the programs on commercial television and radio and for about two thirds of the cost of publishing magazine and newspapers.
56. A. request B. oblige C. affect D. persuade
57. A. transfer B. secure C. enjoy D. perform
58. A. resulting from B. dealing with C. leading to D. going for
59. A. followed B. preceded C. achieved D. induced
60. A. marketing B. advertising C. salespeople D. agents
61. A. profits B. benefits C. interests D. gains
62. A. should B. would C. may D. will
63. A. business B. service C. product D. profession
64. A. amount B. extent C. possibility D. utility
65. A similarly B. supposedly C. approximately D. accountably
66. A. with B. at C. into D. on
67. A. While B. Therefore C. But D. If
68. A. as well B. as usual C. as a result D. as a rule
69. A. more B. less C. cheaper D. dearer
70. A. works B. calls C. looks D. pays
Part Ⅴ Error Detection（10 minutes，5 points）
Directions：In this section，there are ten sentences. Each sentence has four underlined words or phrases marked A，B，C and D. Identify the part of the sentence that is incorrect. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.
71. During the dinner we had agreeable conversation—nothing extraordinary—but catching up
A B C
on recent events of each other’s life.
D
72. Because of the injured people laying on the ground below the window，fire fighters were
A B
unable to place ground ladders up to the windows on the northeast side of the building.
C D
73. You’d better hurry up if you want to buy something because there’s hardly nothing left.
A B C D
74. A professional wine taste relies on sight，smell and tasting to determine the quality of a wine.
A B C D
75. Sam used to live in Oklahoma，but his company had him transfer to a better position in
A B C D
76. Not too many years ago，it was an excited experience to travel 25 or 50 miles away from
A B C D
home.
77. It is perhaps not an exaggeration to say that we shall soon be trusting our health，wealth，and
A B
happiness to elements with whom very names the general public are unfamiliar.
C D
78. China has established three nature reserves to protect the rare species，covering a total of more
A B C
than 600000 sq km，an area 40 times of the size of Beijing.
D
79. It aims to establish a minimum list of standards that ought to include in all codes of conduct
A B C
covering labor practices.
D
80. I saw that the last update was made in January of 2002，so I wondered that the webmaster had
A B C
abandoned the site.
D
Paper Two试卷二（60 minutes）
Part Ⅰ Translation（30 minutes，20 points）
Section A
Directions：Translate the following passage into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.
One of the chief concerns of wildlife management is the protection and improvement of the natural habitat so that animals have enough food and water to survive. Wildlife management involves care of the soil to produce good vegetation；it also involves care of plants，not only as a source of food，but also as protection. Animals need cover to hide from their natural enemies and to raise their young safely.
Just as crops are harvested，wildlife too must sometimes be“harvested”. By allowing limited hunting，good management can control certain species that threaten to overpopulate their habitat.
Section B
Directions：Translate the following passage into English. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.
随着社会的发展，人类对水的需求不断增加，但可供人类使用的水资源却急剧减少。水资源危机所带来的生态系统恶化等问题严重威胁着人类的生存。
如何更有效利用水资源，推进水资源的可持续开发和保护，已经成为世界各国共同面临的紧迫问题。
Part Ⅱ Writing（30 minutes，15 points）
Directions：In this part，you are to write a composition of no less than 150 words about “College Graduates Work as Village Officials”. You should write according to the outline given below. Please remember to write it clearly on the ANSWER SHEET.
Some college graduates choose to work as village officials.
1. Do you think it is a good idea？
2. What can they offer the countryside？
3. What can they gain from their village positions？
2006年同等学力人员申请硕士学位英语水平全国统一考试试题答案与解析
Paper One试卷一（90 minutes）
PartⅠ Dialogue Communication
Section A Dialogue Completion
1. 【正确答案】C
【句子翻译】不好意思打扰您了，您能告诉我去落日大道怎么走吗？对不起，我也不知道。
【考点类型】表示歉意
【考点剖析】C相对于A而言，语气更委婉，更礼貌。B和D在逻辑上不符。
2. 【正确答案】D
【句子翻译】你每天都运动吗？对啊，无论晴天或下雨。
【考点类型】肯定回答
【考点剖析】A、B和C三个选项内部答案不一致。
3. 【正确答案】A
【句子翻译】巴尔夫人，真是一顿美味丰盛晚餐啊！非常感谢！不用谢。
【考点类型】接受谢意
【考点剖析】You’re welcome是接受他人谢意的一种习惯表达，此外还有It’s my pleasure。B和C都是用于接受他人道歉时的表达。
4. 【正确答案】D
【句子翻译】我还有最后一个请求。你能把我的女儿送到机场吗？当然，我很乐意。
【考点类型】面对请求
【考点剖析】A、B答非所问，C的语气不礼貌。“Sure，it’d be a pleasure”表示“愿意或高兴做……”，这里表示高兴接受对方的请求。
5. 【正确答案】B
【句子翻译】现在我能见牙医了吗？你有预约吗？
【考点类型】面对询问
【考点剖析】A、C的语气不礼貌，D不搭配；只有B符合语境。
Section B Dialogue Comprehension
6. 【正确答案】C
【句子翻译】男士：我得让邻居把音乐的声音调小点儿；我都不能想问题了。女士：你认为他们会像我这样听你的吗？
【考点类型】惯用搭配
【考点剖析】make some / no difference“有（没有）意义”。
7. 【正确答案】A
【句子翻译】男士：我们得为监禁准备点什么？女士：最好只带上极少的生活必需品。
【考点类型】语义场共现
【考点剖析】bare（极少的，勉强的）和as little as possible（尽可能少），A符合要求。
8. 【正确答案】A
【句子翻译】女士：我们准备出去度假……你能听见我说什么吗？男士：我正专心听着。
【考点类型】惯用搭配
【考点剖析】be all ears“（口语）专心倾听”。
9. 【正确答案】C
【句子翻译】女士：我真的赶不上我的计划了。你能帮帮我吗？男士：恐怕是你干的活太多有点应付不来了吧！
【考点类型】惯用搭配
【考点剖析】bite off more than one can chew“（美口）自不量力，过分自信”。
10. 【正确答案】C
【句子翻译】女士：比尔又骑上他的摩托车了。他把它给修好了吗？男士：别傻了。那肯定是浪费钱，车上只有一个没气的轮胎。
【考点类型】语义场共现
【考点剖析】根据a wate of money，和其后面的flat tive，则应是答案C。
Part Ⅱ Vocabulary
Section A
11. 【正确答案】A
【句子翻译】读者被要求遵守图书馆的规章并注意礼貌。
【考点类型】动宾搭配
【考点剖析】observe“观察，观测，遵守”；memorize“记住，记忆”；review“回顾，复习”；compose“组成，写作”。abide by the rule“遵守规章”。
12. 【正确答案】C
【句子翻译】教练详细地解释了规则以确保任何一个队员都不会违反。
【考点类型】语义场共现
【考点剖析】at last“最终”；at large“普遍”；in detail“详细地”；in short“简言之”。要想队员不违反规则，教练在解释规则时应尽可能详尽。
13. 【正确答案】A
【句子翻译】卫生保健和健康保险的成本是国家当前面临的最紧迫的问题。
【考点类型】修饰限定
【考点剖析】pressing“紧迫的”；important“重要的，重大的”；neglected“被忽视的”；complicated“复杂的，难解的”。urgent“急迫的，紧迫的”。
14. 【正确答案】C
【句子翻译】她认为自己不是一个合格的母亲，因为她不满足女性应把所有的时间都花在孩子身上的老一套规矩。
【考点类型】语义衔接
【考点剖析】popular image“流行偶像”；common standard“共同标准”；fixed conception“固有观念”；pleasant notion“令人愉快的想法”。根据常识，把所有的时间都花在孩子身上这是一种老观念。stereotype“陈词滥调，老一套”。
15. 【正确答案】D
【句子翻译】最合理的方法是我们集中分析西班牙和欧洲其他国家的贸易关系。
【考点类型】语义衔接
【考点剖析】reasoning“推理，论证”；conclusion“结论”；position“位置，职位，立场”；method“方法”。这一句的后面说的是一种分析问题的方法。approach“方法”。
16. 【正确答案】C
【句子翻译】虽然我们仍然偶尔相互拜访，但好几年前就没有保持亲密关系了。
【考点类型】语义衔接
【考点剖析】in good time“及时地，迅速地”；up to date“最近的，最新的”；now and then“不时”；once and for all“断然地，坚决地”。句子前后是转折关系，既然不再保持亲密关系，那么相互拜访就可能不再频繁，而只是偶尔的。on occasion“有时”。
17. 【正确答案】A
【句子翻译】大学开设了更多的课程以达到进一步激发学生的职业抱负的目的。
【考点类型】语义衔接
【考点剖析】ambition“野心，雄心”；achievement“成就，功绩”；advantage“优势”；advance“前进，提升，预付款”。aspiration“强烈愿望，志向，抱负”。
18. 【正确答案】C
【句子翻译】很多女性喜欢用化妆品来使她们显得更漂亮和看起来更年轻。
【考点类型】语义场共现
【考点剖析】enforce“强迫，加强”；magnify“放大，扩大，夸大”；improve“改善，改进”；polish“擦亮，磨光，推敲”。使用化妆品的目的是使自己的漂亮程度增加，由此推断enhance的意思为“提高，增强”。
19. 【正确答案】C
【句子翻译】两国的领导人计划举办一场发表誓约的峰会以维持和发展彼此良好的关系。
【考点类型】语义衔接
【考点剖析】strategy“策略”；standpoint“立场，观点”；promise“承诺”；priority“先，优先（权）”。pledge“保证，誓约，抵押”。
20. 【正确答案】B
【句子翻译】很多年轻人都听过父母这样的教导：“如果一直那样做白日梦，你什么都干不成！”
【考点类型】语义衔接
【考点剖析】be equal to“相等，胜任”；accomplish“完成，达到，实现”；add up to“合计达”；pursue“追赶，继续，从事”。根据常识推断，一个整天做白日梦的人肯定会一事无成，所以选accomplish。amount to“总计，相当于，成为”。
Section B
21. 【正确答案】B
【句子翻译】20年前，女性主动与一个男性握手被认为很唐突。
【考点类型】惯用搭配
【考点剖析】endeavor“努力，尽力”；initiative“主动”；motivation“动机”；preference“偏爱，优先选择”。on one’s own initiative“主动地”。
22. 【正确答案】A
【句子翻译】根据最近的报告，水果占了这个国家每年出口的一半还多。
【考点类型】语义衔接
【考点剖析】account for“说明，占”；stand for“代表，象征，支持”；provide for“做准备，供养”；make for“走向，有利于，倾向于”。句中描述的是水果在出口中所占比例的问题，只有account for能与表示比例的half连用。
23. 【正确答案】C
【句子翻译】他年轻时火暴的脾气再现，不仅是在军队，在他妻子身上也有反映。
【考点类型】修饰限定
【考点剖析】impatience“急躁”；character“特征，品质，性格”；temper“性情，脾气，情绪”；quality“质量，品质，性质”。四个选项中violent只能修饰temper。
24. 【正确答案】C
【句子翻译】这个假说认为，过于清洁的环境可能会使得免疫系统产生过敏反应。
【考点类型】语义场共现
【考点剖析】mental“精神的，智力的”；nervous“神经紧张的，不安的”；immune“免疫的”；physical“身体的，物资的，物理的”。oversensitive responses 是用来描述immune system（免疫系统）的。
25. 【正确答案】D
【句子翻译】成人职业技术学校对于获得各种从业资格是一个好机会，因为它提供了各种各样的科目和课程。
【考点类型】修饰限定
【考点剖析】additional“额外的，附加的”；excessive“过多的，过分的”；adequate“足够的，适当的”；extensive“广泛的，广阔的”。四个选项中只有extensive可以修饰range，表示广阔的范围。
26. 【正确答案】A
【句子翻译】注意到我们了解的犯罪有如此之多是通过偶然而非系统的侦查或其他安全程序才被发觉的，这着实令人不安。
【考点类型】语义场共现
【考点剖析】by accident“偶然”；on schedule“按时”；in general“通常，大体上”；at intervals“不时”。根据句子结构，所填词与by systematic inspections or other security procedures是对称的，by accident符合要求。
27. 【正确答案】B
【句子翻译】在紧要关头你可以依靠吉姆，他是我知道的最能帮助人的人。
【考点类型】语义场共现
【考点剖析】refer to“查阅，提及，谈到”；count on“依靠，指望”；cope with“应付”；run into“撞上，偶遇，陷入”。由for he is simply the most helpful person I’ve ever known可以推断吉姆是一个在关键时刻值得依靠的人。
28. 【正确答案】B
【句子翻译】他想在家里，但最后他很不情愿地同意去听音乐会。
【考点类型】语义场共现
【考点剖析】decisively“决然地，果断地”；reluctantly“不情愿地”；willingly“自动地，欣然地”；deliberately“深思熟虑地，故意地”。though一词提示我们，他虽然同意了去听音乐会，但是不情愿。
29. 【正确答案】C
【句子翻译】观众起初是敌对的，但最终被她的精彩表演所感动。
【考点类型】语义场共现
【考点剖析】annoy“使苦恼”；encourage“鼓励，怂恿”；impress“盖印，留下印象”；depress“使沮丧，消沉”。句子前后是转折关系，所填词与hostile的含义是相反的，应选impress。be impressed by（with）“深感；为……所感动”。
30. 【正确答案】B
【句子翻译】很多鸟儿和昆虫精心搭建巢穴来保护幼子。
【考点类型】语义场共现
【考点剖析】glories“荣誉，光荣”，为名词；elaborate“精心制作的”；splendid“壮丽的，辉煌的”；advanced“高级的，先进的”。首先用来保护幼子的巢穴应该要花费心血来搭建；其次适合修饰nests的只有elaborate。
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension
Passage One
人生的各年龄段和各阶段，恐惧几乎对所有人都构成一个问题。“在很大程度上我们是恐惧的玩物，”英国作家Horace Walpole许多年前写到。“对某人来说恐惧是黑暗，对别人来说恐惧是身体疼痛，对他人来说恐惧是公开嘲笑，还有贫困，孤独——对于所有人来说，这种特殊的东西躲藏在隐蔽的地方。”
恐惧有时也是一种有益的情感。当你受到惊吓时，身体的许多部位发生变化，你的心跳和反应加速；你的瞳孔扩张以吸收更多的光线；产生大量能量的肾上腺素涌入你的血液之中。面对火灾或突发事件， 恐惧能促使你自救逃离。同样，当危险是一种心理上的而非身体上的时，恐惧可迫使你采取自我保护措施。只有当恐惧与眼前所处危险不成比例时，恐惧才真正成为一个问题。
有些人比起其他人更容易受到恐惧的影响。参观任何大医院的新生儿保健室就会发现，婴儿从出生的那刻起，少数幸运的婴儿能平静地回应突然的恐惧情景，如关门的巨大声响。而相邻的婴儿可能会带着剧烈的恐惧大哭出来。从生下来开始，某人就更容易受到恐惧的影响，因为此人已经继承了一种更敏感的心理倾向。
进一步而言，心理学家们知道我们早期经历和关系很大程度上形成并决定了我们日后的恐惧。比如一个叫比尔的年轻人和他的爸爸长大，他爸爸每次遇到挫折都看做是暂时的困难，用想象力和勇气将其克服。将他的父亲视做榜样，比尔逐渐学会了面对危难，并相信自己有解决问题的能力。
正相反，菲尔的爸爸花大量时间保护自己和他的家庭。唯恐工作职位改变，他做每件工作都不很开心。他不敢度长假，因为害怕“小轿车可能会抛锚”。在这样的家庭环境里长大，菲尔自然地平时会有种恐惧感和紧张情绪。
31. 【正确答案】A
【考点类型】词汇推理
【解析过程】文章的第一段最后一句话“我们这些特别的生物”指的是 。
A. 害怕某些东西 B. 一个凶猛的野兽
C. 身体疼痛 D. 公众的嘲笑
线索：“At all age and at al stages of life，fear presents a problem to almost everyone.”第1段重点讲的是恐惧对于我们任何人都是一个问题，而词汇推理题一般都是考察学员对于文章中心或段落中心的把握，所以答案A是正确选项。B、C、D选项在文章的第1段明确提到了，但B、C、D三个选项各自只代表某种恐惧，只是恐惧的某一个方面，所以此题正确答案是A。
【考点提示】利用选项之间的逻辑关系，可以迅速地判断出哪个选项是正确的答案。如该题中B、C、D选项是并列关系，而A选项可以认为它是包括B、C、D选项的。一般包含项是对的，而被包含项是错的。
32. 【正确答案】D
【考点类型】因果关系细节
【解析过程】恐惧对于我们，可能是有用的情感，因为它可以 。
A. 促进我们身体许多部位的变化
B. 加速我们的心跳和反应
C. 注入大量的肾上腺素到我们的血液之中
D. 帮助我们很快地对危险作出反应并保护我们自身
线索：“Similarly，when a danger is psychological rather than physical，fear can force you to take self-protective measures.”A、B、C 三个选项只是现象描述，它们都是一些具体的内容，是部分而不是全部，都提到了身体的变化，但忽略了心理上的作用，所以犯了以偏概全的错误。
【考点提示】错误选项的设计有的时候非常的巧妙，比如这道题目中的A、B、C三个选项，看上去是对的，原文确实提到了，但它们不是一个整体，而是局部的信息。答案D选项就更合适，从心理和生理上都说得通。
33. 【正确答案】A
【考点类型】细节判断
【解析过程】恐惧会变成一个问题仅仅当 时。
A. 危险是比实际情况更加的大 B. 危险是心理上的而不是生理上
C. 一个人不能忍受危险 D. 一个人对危险没有准备好
线索：文章第2段的后部分“It is only when fear is disproportional to the danger at hand that it becomes a problem.”表明A是正确答案。关键是看懂disproportional该词的含义是表达不成比例的意思。这样A选项是正确的。B选项生理和心理的比较，原文根本没有提到。
【考点提示】比较级选项设计常用的技巧就是将原文中说的A > B，在选项中设计成A < B，或说成A > C，这些在原文是根本不存在的。
34. 【正确答案】A
【考点类型】细节推理
【解析过程】新生婴儿对于大声关门不同的反应暗示， 。
A. 一些人是本身更加容易受到危险的影响
B. 人们对于外部刺激因素的反应并不是一个内在的特征
C. 一些人好像对噪音更敏感
D. 人们看起来是对噪音装聋作哑
线索1：“Some people are simply more vulnerable to fear than others.”
线索2：“From birth，he or she is more prone to learn fearful responses because he or she has inherited a tendency to be more sensitive.”表明A是正确答案。
【考点提示】为了避免选错答案，有一个比较简单的方式是，同学们应该一直考虑文章的中心是什么，不管是具体的细节题还是中心题，都要想到文章的中心。
35. 【正确答案】D
【考点类型】细节判断
【解析过程】心理学家们发现我们后期的恐惧主要是由我们的 决定。
A. 家庭教育 B. 学校教育
C. 父母的生活方式 D. 早期的经历
线索：文章第4段指出“Further，psychologists know that our early experiences and relationships strongly shape and determine our later fears.”表明D是正确答案。A、B、C都是一些具体的细节，都是可以被D所包含的选项。
【考点提示】正确答案的特征一般是比较具有概括性，内容不能是过于具体，而且要和文章的中心非常的贴近，语气也比较婉转。
Passage Two
海马是不寻常的父母，雌性海马产蛋，但不同于其他生物，雄海马负责繁殖后代。
雄海马的腹部有一块褶皱的皮肤从而形成口袋状，我们可以称之为育儿袋。在繁殖期， 海马的育儿袋会膨胀接受卵子。雌海马一次可在袋子中产下大约200个蛋。然后她会游走，留给雄海马培育和孵化卵子。 雌海马每天会回到雄海马的身边检查她的伴侣和它的孩子，但仅仅停留一会，并不会参与孵化。
大概需要两到六周雄海马育儿袋中卵子才会发育成形。在此期间，雄海马应防止地表水并隐藏在海草中。它的庞大育儿袋让它难以游动， 所以雄海马通常会用它的尾巴抓住一条海草。紧紧地抓着，一动不动地呆上几小时甚至几天。雄性海马要改变自身颜色以便与四周环境颜色混同从而防止被捕食者发现，因为这些捕食者试图吃掉它或刺穿他的袋子得到卵子。
小海马会在雄性海马的袋子中孵化成长。当小海马在袋子中不断移动的时候，雄性海马就知道它快要出生了。此时雄性海马用自己的尾巴紧紧缠住海草的茎，并开始前后翻滚。这样可使第一个小海马顺利地从袋中挤出来。雄海马不断地滚动，弯曲身体，把它的小海马从袋中挤出来。雄海马继续地滚动，弯曲，这样剩余的小海马才得以出来。有时它还得把袋子紧靠在石头上或很硬的海草上，用力挤压育儿袋把即将出生的小海马挤出来。
小海马一般是一窝生四五个或更多。有时要花上一两天的时间才能顺利生产这些小海马。生育结束后，雄海马很劳累。
这样在生下一窝小海马之后，雄性海马将靠近它的伴侣并向它展示它的空育儿袋。这个动作是在告知雌海马，它准备接受新卵子。
36. 【正确答案】B
【考点类型】细节判断
【解析过程】雌性海马在产子的时候扮演什么角色？
A. 受卵 B. 产卵 C. 孵化 D. 保护卵子
线索：文章第2段提到“A female sea horse lays up to 200 eggs at a time in the pouch. Then she swims off，”所以答案选B。选项A、C、D都是说雄性海马的责任。
【考点提示】科普类型的文章一般都是同学们以前没有读过的文章，也就是说文章在选材上一定是具有新颖性的，所以文章的内容往往是和我们的以往认识有一定的不同，这篇文章就是如此，雄性海马负责孵化和保护小海马。
37. 【正确答案】C
【考点类型】细节判断
【解析过程】关于生产小海马我们可以从文章中了解到什么？
A. 对于雌性海马是非常危险的 B. 一年产一次
C. 对雄性海马是个艰巨的任务 D. 在深海发生
线索：文章第5段提到“Sometimes it takes two days for the father sea horse to give birth to all his young. He is very tired when it’s over.”表明C是正确答案。从文章最后一段“Soon after giving birth to one brood，the male will approach his mate and show her his empty pouch. This tells her he is ready to receive eggs again.”可以知道选项B是错误的。
【考点提示】对于某些不可定位的细节判断题，同学们可以根据出题的号码判断选项的位置，或通过快速浏览文章各段的首句或文章的中心来判断该题有可能的选项。
38. 【正确答案】D
【考点类型】细节排除
【解析过程】为了保护自己和他的孩子，雄海马必须做以下事情，除了 。
A. 改变颜色 B. 抓住海草
C. 静止不动 D. 扩大他的袋子
线索1：文章第3段“Firmly，gripping the grass，he will stay perfectly still for hours or even days.”
线索2：文章第3段“The male sea horse will change his color to blend with his surroundings and avoid being seen by predators.”表明正确答案D，在原文中是没有提到的选项。
【考点提示】三对一错的题目比较难解，要通过判断文章某一段的内容或全文，才能得到正确答案。做这类题目一定要细心和耐心。根据题号回原文查找有关的句子，然后在对比选项选出正确答案。
39. 【正确答案】B
【考点类型】细节判断
【解析过程】作者认为当小海马准备出生时， 。
A. 雄海马会看起来非常的幸福 B. 小海马很难生出来
C. 雌海马会加入到雄海马当中 D. 小海马需要袋子里的大的空间
线索：“The father sea horse continues rocking，bending，and stretching his body so that the rest of the babies can be born. Sometimes he has to press his pouch against a rock or some stiff seaweed to force the young out.”可以看出生小海马是一件非常困难的事情。其他三个选项没有提到。
【考点提示】做题时避免先入为主的主观判断，一定要紧扣文章，比如A选项说的就不对，文章根本没有提到雄海马会看起来非常的幸福，根据人类的情感，作者故意在这里设计了一个陷阱。
40. 【正确答案】A
【考点类型】主旨判断
【解析过程】作者最想让大家记住的是？
A. 雄海马生小海马 B. 雌海马一次会产200个卵子
C. 五个或更多的小海马一同出生 D. 雌海马每天返回一次看她的卵子
文章的中心思想是让同学们知道一个新的科学常识，雄海马负责孵化小海马，而雌海马基本上是不承担任何责任，所以A是正确答案。B、C、D原文虽然提到了，但都不是作者最主要要说的，所以不正确。
【考点提示】主旨题的正确答案一般是在文章的首段或末段，或者是各段的一个总结。而文章中的具体细节肯定不会是正确选项的。
Passage Three
艾里克· 爱坦扎23岁从大学毕业，那时他还没有找到一份工作。不愿意放弃公寓生活和父母居住，因此和许多美国的年轻人一样，他和一家临时工中介机构签订了合同。该公司则会给他提供短期的工作。像他这样的临时工人大概占整个美国劳工市场的20%。1985年，有417000的工人被归类为临时工。根据美国劳工部的统计，2005年从事临时性工作的劳工总数超过250万。
当工作负荷发生改变时，雇佣临时工人能够使得一些公司减少或者增加员工数目，另外也能够帮助公司节省在雇佣或是解雇正式员工中所引起的花费。
许多临时工中介机构的业主以及职业规划专家认为，临时工对于大学毕业生来说是一个获得经验的好机会。“临时性的工作能够使得大学毕业生尝试不同的工作经历最终找到自己的定位，”旧金山一家临时工介绍所的经理，皮格·威特利先生说道。
但是往往事与愿违。“当我开始干临时工时，我还在想临时工最后会转成正式工。我的一个朋友成功了，但我没有。”爱坦扎说，他很快就厌倦了办公室工作。爱坦扎一直求助于这个临时工介绍所，因为他可以得到一个工资为每小时10美元的办公室工作，而其他短期工作，如商店店员或咖啡店服务生，每小时工资只有7美元。
但是这种高薪也有弊端，因为在美国，健康保险是由雇主提供的，而大多数雇主不能为临时工提供健康福利。这样一来，爱坦扎就得面临由于事故或者是疾病所带来的无法支付医疗费用的风险。另外还有一些缺陷，虽然不特别严重，但正如临时工其名所指，它对于大学毕业生来说，终究只是一个临时性的选择。不稳定性、与合同之间的差距、没有假期以及沟通问题因素都是非常消极的。
“临时工作可以帮助我付清我的账单，让我谋划出自己到底想做什么，但是这些想法没有一个来源于工作本身，”爱坦扎说道，他上个月刚刚辞去了临时工作而找到一份全职工作。
41. 【正确答案】D
【考点类型】细节判断
【解析过程】爱坦扎从事一份短期的临时工作主要是因为 。
A. 他不愿意放弃他的公寓 B. 他喜欢尝试各种不同的公司
C. 他想要获得更多的经验 D. 他不能找到一个长期的工作
线索：从原文的意思来看，爱坦扎是不希望从事临时工作的，而造成这点的原因是D。A只是原文提到的一个方面，不是原因。B、C文章没有提到。
【考点提示】同学们在做题的时候，一定要避免从主观出发选择答案，必须返回原文去寻找答案的出处，才能保证拿分。
42. 【正确答案】B
【考点类型】数字计算
【解析过程】根据文章，在2005年年末，美国的劳动力要超过 。
A. 两千五百万 B. 一亿两千五百万
C. 四亿一千七百万 D. 两百五十万
线索：文章的第2段后部提到“Temporary workers such as Atienza comprise 20 percent of the US workforce. In 1985，417000 workers were classified as temporary help. In 2005，there are more than 2.5 million，according to Labour Department data.”表明临时工占美国的劳动力是20%，后面又说到在2005年美国有两百五十万的兼职工人，二者相除便是总的劳动力人数，所以答案应该是B。
【考点提示】数字计算题是一种比较容易的题目，关键是原文中出现的数字如果在答案中明确给出来了，应该是错误的选项。正确答案一般都是在原文的数字基础之上做一定的数学运算才可以。
43. 【正确答案】C
【考点类型】细节判断题
【解析过程】下面哪一点作为临时工作的优势在文章中没有提到？
A. 它给予刚毕业的学生经验。 B. 它使雇主们调节他们的劳动力。
C. 临时工作会转成全职的工作。 D. 雇主可以减少他们的成本。
线索1：文章第3段提到“Many temp agency owners and career specialists say temping is a good way for recent graduates to get experience.”和A相符。
线索2：文章第2段提到“Using temporary workers allows companies to increase or decrease the number of staff as their workloads change.”和B相符。
线索3：文章第2段提到“It also allows companies to avoid the costs involved in hiring and firing long-term employees.”和D相符。
【考点提示】细节判断题目最好的做题方法就是返回原文找到相关的线索，然后进行判断。
44. 【正确答案】B
【考点类型】因果关系
【解析过程】爱坦扎在临时工作中介机构待了一段时间因为 。
A. 他喜欢他的办公工作 B. 他对他的报酬很满意
C. 他的雇主给他提供健康保险 D. 他憎恨合同之间的鸿沟
线索：“Atienza stayed with the temp agency because he could earn US $ 10 an hour doing office work. Other short-term jobs，such as working as a store clerk or in a café，pay about US $ 7.”表明答案应该是B。
【考点提示】因果关系题目一定要返回原文找相关的关键词，比如文章中提到的because就是一个非常关键的连接词。
45. 【正确答案】D
【考点类型】词汇推断
【解析过程】文章第五段“trade-offs”的含义是 。
A. 利益，好处 B. 妥协 C. 危险 D. 不利的因素
线索：文章第5段提到“But there were trade-offs for the higher pay.”从but可以明确地看出来，作者将话题一转，开始表明高工资的一些代价。所以答案应该是D。
【考点提示】词汇推断一般是要根据该词出现的位置，从文章的中心入手，90%向上文寻找和该词含义近似的同义词，或10%向下搜索。词汇题的解题关键是不能从单词的本身含义入手，一定要从文章的上下文入手，推理该词的含义。
Passage Four
通过培养一种基因改良而制止其对疟疾传播的蚊子，科学家们希望来以此除掉疟疾。疟疾长期困扰着南美、非洲、亚洲的人民，在这些地方每年蚊子叮咬的人数达到5亿多，这些人感染上了严重的甚至致命的寄生虫血液病。几代科学家们一直尝试开发新药物和使用杀虫剂来消灭当地蚊子的种群。但这些措施不起作用，一些科学家，如格里格·蓝扎洛说，因为蚊子的抗药能力和种群数量的变化，疟疾比20年前更加肆虐。蓝扎洛说他有一套对付疟疾传播的更好办法，就是将蚊子进行基因改良，因此它们无法携带这种疾病。
蓝扎洛和他的同事们正策划一项几年实施的项目——培养能抗疟疾的蚊子，他们认为5年之内这个项目就能完成，“我们可以把外体放入蚊子体内，它们会完成任务，”蓝扎洛说。他指出科学家们已经在蚊子基因改良上取得了巨大的成功，这些蚊子无法将疟疾传播给鸟类和老鼠。同时，他还说，科学家们在基因技术上也取得了巨大的进步，以阻止蚊子将疟疾传播给人类。
从科学角度来讲，蓝扎洛说最艰难的部分是想出办法让实验室内改良的蚊子散入到自然种群中。最后，他指出，在实验室里改良蚊子根本无用，因为它们不能传播疟疾，然而几百万野蚊子在野外却可以。为了解决这个问题，他希望将抗疟疾基因中的单片动态DNA植入一组蚊子的胚胎中。这时抗疟疾的基因会直接和蚊子的DNA进行组合，使得这些蚊子无法传播引发疟疾的寄生虫。 按这种方法，一小部分在实验室培养出来的蚊子能够被释放到野外， 通过与野蚊子交配繁殖，最终将这种有益的基因传播到整个蚊子的种群。
46. 【正确答案】B
【考点类型】细节判断
【解析过程】现在疟疾肆虐的原因是 。
A. 有更多的人搬到了疟疾感染区 B. 蚊子对杀虫剂有抗药性
C. 基因改造的蚊子仍然传播疾病 D. 每年蚊子大概要叮咬5亿人之多
线索：第1段提到“Greg Lanzaro，say that because of drug resistance and population changes，malaria is actually more prevalent now than it was 20 years ago.”表明B是正确答案。A是干扰选项，文章提到了很多的人，但没有说到许多人搬到哪里。D在原文的第一段提到了，但它并不是蚊子肆虐的原因，而是蚊子肆虐的一个现象描述。
【考点提示】一般第一道题目的定位点都在文章的第一段，或是段落的前两句，或是最后两句，所以同学们在读文章的时候，一定要认真仔细地读第一段。而且要注意的是因果关系的题目要注意关键词，如because等。
47. 【正确答案】A
【考点类型】推断
【解析过程】蓝扎洛希望几年后人类能够 。
A. 开始消灭蚊子 B. 治疗寄生虫血液病
C. 防止老鼠传播寄生虫 D. 获得免疫力抵抗蚊子
线索：文章的第2段“Lanzaro and his colleagues are planning a multi-year project to produce malaria-resistant mosquitoes—and he thinks they can do it within five years.”表明他对于消灭蚊子是很有希望的。其他3个选项是干扰项。
【考点提示】科普文章很多情况会涉及一些比较专业的领域，比如：基因遗传、生物学、天文学等，所以希望同学们有时间应该多读一些这类文章，提高单词的敏感度。
48. 【正确答案】B
【考点类型】因果关系
【解析过程】蓝扎洛非常相信科学家们可以阻止疟疾传播给人类，因为 。
A. 自然界的蚊子数量不会改变
B. 科学家们在老鼠和鸟的身上取得了成功
C. 移植基因确实可以起到作用
D. 实验室的蚊子会对药物失去抵抗力
线索：文章第2段提到“pointing out that scientists have already succeeded in genetically engineering mosquitoes that cannot transmit malaria to birds and mice. And，he says，scientists are quickly making progress on genes that block transmission of the disease to humans as well.”表明从鸟和老鼠的实验看，阻止疟疾传播给人类应该是指日可待的。选项C和原文说的不一致，原文是第2段“We can get foreign genes into mosquitoes and they go where they’re supposed to go，”我们可以把外体放入蚊子体内，它们会完成任务。C说的是外体基因总是更起到作用。
【考点提示】注意作者很有可能利用概念扩大化来混淆选项，比如选项C，答案和原文的内容看似相同，其实不一样，容易引起同学们对原文内容做出错误判断，所以一定要细心读原文。
49. 【正确答案】A
【考点类型】细节判断
【解析过程】蓝扎洛的项目最棘手的部分是什么？
A. 扩散可以防止疟疾传播的基因到自然界的蚊子种群。
B. 饲养抵抗疟疾的蚊子。
C. 创造可以阻止疟疾传播的基因。
D. 确定防止疟疾的基因。
线索：文章第3段提到“The most difficult part scientifically，Lanzaro says，is figuring out how to get the lab-engineered mosquitoes to spread their genes into natural populations after all，he points out，it’s useless to...”明确指出最困难的部分就是将实验室中的蚊子放到大自然中去。其他三个选项在文中都是已经实现的。
【考点提示】文章和选项中如果出现一些表示绝对化的单词比如most，一般同学们应该注意，把这些单词做一个记号标示出来，因为它们很有可能是考点。
50. 【正确答案】C
【考点类型】主旨判断
【解析过程】根据文章，消灭疟疾的一个基本方法是 。
A. 研发新的抗疟疾药物
B. 生产有效的杀虫剂消灭蚊子
C. 改变蚊子的基因结构
D. 把人类从受到疟疾感染的地区搬出去
文章整体是讨论如何消灭蚊子，其中讨论最多的是利用基因技术改造蚊子，所以答案C是正确的选项。
【考点提示】主旨题一般出现的位置在五个选择题的最后一道题，它的还原点是文章的首段。
Passage Five
根据思考特·亚当斯，系列漫画Dilbert的创办者，年度绩效评估是“每一位员工生活中最恐怖、最优柔寡断的经历”。亚当斯的漫画和喜剧形象对工作场所进行了恶意嘲讽，不过他所描绘的职员对“年度绩效评估”的心态感受还是有其严肃的一面。最新一份对于437家公司的调查表明，有效的年度绩效评估确实能够提高公司的利润，但是大部分员工还是对它深恶痛绝。
从理论上说，年度绩效评估具有建设性的意义，它建立了老板以及员工之间的关系，使他们都能努力表现，最终加强组织的建设。然而事实上，它经常导致员工产生分歧，破坏士气，激起愤怒和引发嫉妒心理。因此，尽管该评估的目的是提高执行力，但往往有负面的结果。一个IT行业的程序员从评估中惊讶地知道，上司给她的评价为“外行”而失去晋升的机会。但依据呢？——只是在公司的照片中她没有微笑而已。
尽管这个故事看上去好像和漫画Dilbert有相同之处，但它确实是对一个妇女经历的真实描写。遵照以下几点产业分析建议，可以避免这种情况的发生。
要想在年底有一个行之有效的“年度绩效评估”，老板和员工都必须在年初开始就共同设定一个明确清晰的目标。
也许列出一个和公司接触人员的名单非常有用，这样年底评估起来你就会得心应手。而你所要联系到的这些人有可能是合作者、供销商甚至是客户。
目标必须可衡量且灵活，而且每个人都要在上面签名。
大约在第九个月检验员工工作进展时，经理们应该给他们提供改正错误的机会，并且在年终之前给他们一定的指导。
执行评估时，经理们应该重点突出过去几年的优势和不足，并且讨论未来的责任，以尽量避免惩罚和责备。
总而言之，当雇员将绩效评估放在一旁时，他们应该关注下一年如何做得更好，而不是担心过去一年什么样的行为会被记入档案。
51. 【正确答案】D
【考点类型】细节判断
【解析过程】在连环漫画Dilbert中，思考特·亚当斯 。
A. 取笑工人 B. 讲了一个有关一位女员工的故事
C. 促进同事们之间合作的精神 D. 嘲笑年度绩效评估
线索：文章的第1段提到“he annual performance review is‘one of the most frightening and weakening experiences in every employee’s life. Adam’s stories and comic figures poke fun at the workplace”，表明答案D为正确选项。答案A 在文章中是没有给出的。选项B在原文的第2段和第3段提到了，但原文说的是“Although this story might sound as if it came straight out of Dilbert.”所以，不可能确定这位女员工的故事就是来自他的漫画之中。另外，第一道题应该考的是和文章首段有关的内容，所以也不太可能是选项C正确。
【考点提示】同学们在进行选择的时候一定要注意的一点就是，每一道题目都应该是作者精心设计出来的，一定要认真地判断。而且，要注意特别具体的东西一般不会是正确答案的，如选项B。他的漫画不可能只说一个女员工的故事，一定是有一定的深意，否则出题的老师是不会选择这篇文章的。
52. 【正确答案】A
【考点类型】细节判断
【解析过程】下面提到的是年度绩效评估的不足之处，除了 。
A. 减低效率 B. 产生了紧张的情绪
C. 破坏了工作的作风 D. 引发愤怒
线索：文章的第2段提到“In reality，they often create division，undermine morale，and spark anger and jealousy.”B、C、D三个选项均被提及，唯独A没有被提及，故应选A。
【考点提示】细节排除一定要和文章的某一段结合在一起判断，可以通过题号来判断定位的段落，这个方式比较简单。当然，有些题目是无法通过题号来定位的，那就要通过全文判断了。
53. 【正确答案】B
【考点类型】词汇推理
【解析过程】第3段中 “ordeal”一词有可能是指 。
A. 晋升的可能性 B. 郁闷的经验
C. 不良的工作表现 D. 不现实的预期
线索：文章的第2段提到“that she was denied a promotion because she wasn’t a ‘team player’，”她被否决了晋升就是因为她不是一个队员，表明这是令人忧郁的经历，答案B为正确选项。
【考点提示】词汇题的考查一定要从文章的内容入手，ordeal字典含义表示“严酷的考验，痛苦的经验，折磨”，这个含义和文章里所要表达的含义正相符合，所以是正确答案。当然，如果字典的含义和文章要表达的含义不符合，一定要遵照文章的含义。
54. 【正确答案】C
【考点类型】主旨推断
【解析过程】年度绩效评估如果有效的话，必须关注 。
A. 让员工们明白公司的预期目标
B. 让员工们评价他们自己的工作表现
C. 鼓励员工们去获得更好的工作表现
D. 强调员工们没有履行的责任
线索：文章的最后1段提到“In short，when employees leave their performance reviews，they should be focusing on what they can do better in the year ahead，not worrying about what went into their files about the past.”表明答案C为正确选项。选项A、B、D文章也提到了，但它们都是提高的有效措施之一，而最关键的是让员工们明白如何能做得更好。
【考点提示】为了避免“只见树木不见森林”的错误，同学们每次做题的时候就一定要注意从文章或段落的整体入手，或者看一看选项之间有没有包含的关系。
55. 【正确答案】B
【考点类型】态度推断
【解析过程】作者对于亚当斯漫画Dilbert的态度是 。
A. 消极 B. 积极 C. 中立 D. 不清楚
线索：文章的第1段提到“but his characterization of people’s feelings about the annual performance review has its serious side.”表明答案B为正确选项。D选项一般是不对的，作者是不太可能对他的主人公的态度是不清楚。
【考点提示】态度题的出题思路一般是在文章的首段或是在最后一段，这篇文章能够比较容易地判断出作者的态度，关键是看懂第一段的两个词，一个是转折词but，一个是形容词serious，表明作者是积极的态度。但是，有的文章作者的态度可能并不是很明确。
Part Ⅳ Cloze
广告是一种销售方式。数千年来，一直有人努力 56 其他人购买他们生产的食品、制造的货物或 57 的服务。
但在19世纪，工业革命 58 大规模生产使得面对面销售不再有效率。 59 铁路和公路的发展而壮大的大规模销售使得面对面销售显得太慢且成本太高。同时大众传媒——先是报纸和杂志，然后是收音机和电视——通过 60 使得大批量销售成为可能。所有广告的目的都是使人们确信采取广告推荐的行为是符合他们的最大 61 的。这个商品购买行为 62 是成为政治候选人甚至参军的服务性选票。
作为一种 63 ，广告业首先在美国迅速发展起来。美国最大 64 地利用了广告。1980年美国的广告支出超过550亿美元， 65 是国民生产总值的2%。加拿大则把国民生产总值的1.2%用 66 广告宣传。
67 广告在把大规模销售的经济效益带给制造商的同时， 68 给消费者带来了利益。这些效益中的一些惠及消费者，这样一来，在一种主要通过广告销售的产品上的花费通常远远 69 通过推销员销售的产品成本。广告使人们马上可以获取刚刚上市产品的信息。最后，广告为在商业电视台和广播电台的节目以及杂志和报纸发行成本的三分之二
70 。
56. 【正确答案】D
【考点类型】语义衔接
【考点剖析】request“请求，要求”；oblige“迫使，强迫”；affect“影响，感动”；per-suade“劝说，说服”。向他人销售自己生产的产品必须首先得说服他人。
57. 【正确答案】D
【考点类型】动宾搭配
【考点剖析】transfer“转移，传递，调任，转让”；secure“保护”；enjoy“享受……的乐趣，欣赏，喜爱”；perform“履行，执行”。perform service“提供服务”。
58. 【正确答案】A
【考点类型】语义衔接
【考点剖析】result from“由……产生”；deal with“安排，处理”；lead to“导致，通向”；go for“努力获取，主张，拥护”。工业革命带来了大规模生产，或者说大规模生产是由工业革命带来的。
59. 【正确答案】A
【考点类型】语义衔接
【考点剖析】follow“跟随，遵循”；precede“先于，在……之前”；achieve“完成，达到”；induce“劝诱，促使”。根据常识，大规模销售必须以铁路和公路等运输设施为前提，所以大规模销售必须伴随铁路和公路的发展而发展。
60. 【正确答案】B
【考点类型】语义衔接
【考点剖析】marketing“营销”；advertising“广告”；salespeople“销售员”；agent“代理商”。文章的关键词即为advertising。
61. 【正确答案】C
【考点类型】惯用搭配
【考点剖析】profit“利润”；benefit“利益，好处”；interest“兴趣，利益，利息”；gain“收获，财富的获取”。in one’s best interest“符合某人的最大利益”。
62. 【正确答案】C
【考点类型】情态动词
【考点剖析】should“应当”；would“（委婉）将要，愿意”；may“可能，也许”；will“将，愿意”。这一句的语气并不是十分肯定，而是一种猜测；所以用may。
63. 【正确答案】A
【考点类型】语义衔接
【考点剖析】business“商业，生意”；service“服务”；product“产品，乘积”；profession“职业，专业”。advertising是一种商业行为。
64. 【正确答案】B
【考点类型】惯用搭配
【考点剖析】amount“数量”；extent“程度，范围”；possibility“概率，可能性”；utility“效用”。to the extent of“到……的程度”。
65. 【正确答案】C
【考点类型】语义衔接
【考点剖析】similarly“同样地，类似地”；supposedly“想象中地，按照推测”；approximately“近似地，大约”；accountably“可辩解地，可说明地”。四个选项中，approximately修饰所占比例大小最合适。
66. 【正确答案】D
【考点类型】惯用搭配
【考点剖析】spend money or time on sth. / doing sth.“花费时间或精力做某事”。
67. 【正确答案】A
【考点类型】逻辑衔接
【考点剖析】While“当……的时候，虽然”；Therefore“因此，所以”；But“但是”；If“如果，即使”。这一句承上启下，指出广告不仅对制造商有好处，对普通消费者也有好处。
68. 【正确答案】A
【考点类型】语义衔接
【考点剖析】as well“也，还是”；as usual“照常”；as a result“结果”；as a rule“通常”。参见第67题。
69. 【正确答案】B
【考点类型】语义衔接
【考点剖析】more“更多”；less“较少”；cheaper“更便宜”；dearer“更昂贵”。这一句是对广告宣传和推销员推销两种方法成本的比较，显然根据作者的观点，前者成本更低。
70. 【正确答案】D
【考点类型】语义衔接
【考点剖析】work for“为……工作”；call for“要求，提倡”；look for“寻找，期待”；pay for“偿还，支付”。主语为adervitising，四个选项中只有pay for能与其搭配。
Part Ⅴ Error Detection
71. 【正确答案】C，改为“to catch up on”。
【句子翻译】就餐时我们进行了惬意的交谈——没什么特别的，只是说了说各自生活中最近发生的一些事。
【考点类型】动词不定式
【考点剖析】这里用不定式to catch up on作为conversation的定语。
【考点扩展】不定式作定语
通常置于所修饰的名词或代词之后，它与其所修饰的名词或代词可能是主谓关系。比如：He was always the first to come and the last to leave the office. 他总是第一个到办公室，最后一个离开。也可能是动宾关系，这时的不定式即通常所谓的反射不定式。比如：I have nothing to say on this question. 在这个问题上，我没什么话好说。此外，还有两种抽象名词常后接不定式。一种是与常后接不定式的动词同源的名词。比如：His wish to visit
72. 【正确答案】B，改为“lying”。
【句子翻译】由于有一个受伤的人躺在窗台下，消防员没法把落地梯直靠到楼房东北方向的窗户上。
【考点类型】形近词辨析
【考点剖析】lay（放置，铺设，产卵）的分词laying显然不符合语义，应改为lying（lie“躺，展开，位于”的分词）。
【考点扩展】lay和lie
注意不要把lay（laid，laid）与lie（lay，lain）混淆。比如：He laid his trousers on the bed.他把裤子平放在床上。He lay on the bed. 他躺在床上。还有一个动词lie（lied，lied），意为说谎。比如：She lied to them in order to get the job. 她为了谋得这份工作而对他们隐瞒了自己的年龄。
73. 【正确答案】D，改为“anything”。
【句子翻译】如果你想买点东西动作最好快点，因为没剩什么东西了。
【考点类型】双重否定
【考点剖析】hardly nothing是双重否定，表示肯定的语气，与语义不符。
【考点扩展】hardly作为副词
hardly作为副词表示“几乎不，简直不”，常与any、ever、at all以及情态动词can连用。比如：It hardly rained at all last summer.去年夏天没怎么下雨。hardly anything“简直没什么东西”。hardly ... when“一……就……”（hardly放在句首要倒装）。比如：Hardly had she reached there when it began to rain. 她刚到那儿就下雨了。
74. 【正确答案】B，改为“taste”。
【句子翻译】职业品酒师靠视觉、嗅觉和味觉来确定酒的质量。
【考点类型】同源词辨析
【考点剖析】taste“味道，味觉”；tasting“品尝”。
75. 【正确答案】C，改为“has”。
【句子翻译】萨姆过去住在俄克拉何马州，但公司已经让他搬到了乔治亚州的一个更好的地方。
【考点类型】时态
【考点剖析】现在完成时跨越两个时间，一是过去，一是现在。transfer的动作虽然发生在过去，但对现在（或结果）有影响，而这种影响（结果）往往是说话时已经存在了。
【考点扩展】现在完成时与其他时态连用
现在完成时常和一般过去时连用。从时间先后看共有三种情况：现在完成时所表示的动作（或状态）发生（或存在）于一般过去时所表动作（或状态）之后、之前或同时。比如：My friend gave it to me，and I have since kept in the drawer. 这是我朋友给我的，我一直把它保存在这个抽屉里（发生在一般过去时之后）。Professor Lin left yesterday for American where a lecture-tour has been arranged for him. 美国那边为林教授安排了一次巡回演讲，他昨天已经动身去美国了（发生在一般过去时之前）。I have climbed that hill many times when I was young. 我年轻时多次爬过那座山（和一般过去时同时发生）。有时两种时态形成一种对照。比如：She has made several attempts to get away，but we succeeded in persuading her to stay. 她几次三番要走，可是我们还是说服她留了下来。现在完成时也常和现在时态连用。比如：We are tired. It has been a long day. 我们累坏了，今天干了好久。和另一现在完成时连用。比如：Why！He has only just gone. What has brought him back soon？嗬！他刚走，怎么一会儿又回来了？
76. 【正确答案】B，改为“exciting”。
【句子翻译】几年前那次离开家旅行25或
【考点类型】同源词辨析
【考点剖析】excited“感兴趣的”是过去分词，多用于修饰人；exciting“令人感兴趣的”是现在分词，多用来修饰物。
【考点扩展】类似的成对同源词还有：interested“感兴趣的”，interesting“引起兴趣的”；disappointed“失望的”，disappointing“令人失望的”；surprised“惊讶的”，surprising“令人惊讶的”；encouraged“被鼓励的”，encouraging“可奖励的”；amazed“吃惊的”，amazing“令人惊异的”；astonished“惊讶的”，astonishing“可惊讶的”等。
77. 【正确答案】C，改为“which”。
【句子翻译】在不久的将来我们将把健康、财富、快乐托付给一些公众对它们的名称并不熟悉的要素，这或许并不是夸张之辞。
【考点类型】定语从句
【考点剖析】先行词elements是物，因此关系代词要改成which。
【考点扩展】which作为定语从句的关系代词
which在从句中既可用作主语，亦可用作宾语；一般皆指物。比如：This is the book which has been translated into many languages. 这就是那本被翻译成多国语言的书（关系代词which在从句中作主语）。Where is the book which I bought this morning？今天上午我买的那本书在哪儿（关系代词which在从句中作宾语）？which在从句中亦可作定语和表语。比如：We told him to consult the doctor，which advice he took. 我们叫他去看医生，他听取了我们的劝告（关系代词which在从句中作定语）。The two policemen were completely trusted，which in fact，they were.那两个警察完全受到信赖，事实上也是如此（关系代词which在从句中作表语）。先行词指物时，关系代词that与which往往可以互换；但在下列情况下常用that：①先行词为不定代词all、something、anything、everything、nothing时；②先行词被形容词最高级修饰时；③强调结构。在下列情况下多用which：①离先行词较远；②those + 先行词复数形式；③非限定性定语从句；④介词之后。
78. 【正确答案】D，改为“40 times the size”。
【句子翻译】中国已经建立起三个自然保护区来保护珍稀物种，总共覆盖了600000多平方千米的区域，其面积是北京市面积的40倍。
【考点类型】修饰限定
【考点剖析】在倍数和所修饰的词之间不用加of。
【考点扩展】倍数表示法
一般表示三以上倍数的用times，但表示两倍则用twice。表示倍数也可用again、double、triple、fold等。比如：The top-brand cigarette are often sold at double the normal price here. 这里的名牌香烟售价比正常价格高一倍。用times或fold表示增加时，注意英语要多说一倍。比如：Output of coal increased four times（four fold）. 煤的产量增加了三倍。
79. 【正确答案】C，改为“be included”。
【句子翻译】目标是确立一份最小的，能囊括劳动作业所有操作代码的清单。
【考点类型】语态
【考点扩展】被动语态的用法
语态是动词的一种形式，用以表示主语和谓语之间的关系。被动语态常由助动词be和动词的过去分词构成。当我们不知道动作的执行者、侧重强调动作的承受者和出于行文及表达习惯的需要等场合时，常用被动语态。比如：Printing was introduced into Europe from
80. 【正确答案】C，改为“wondered if”。
【句子翻译】看到最近的更新是在2002年1月，因此我不知道网站管理员是否放弃了这个站点。
【考点类型】惯用搭配
【考点剖析】I wonder（if，what，who，why and so on）“不晓得，不知道”。比如：I wonder if he can. 不晓得他能不能做。I wonder what the time is. 不知道现在是几点钟了。I wonder whether I might ask you a question. 不知道可不可以问你一个问题。
Paper Two试卷二（60 minutes）
Part Ⅰ Translation
Section A
1. One of the chief concerns of wildlife management is the protection and improvement of the natural habitat so that animals have enough food and water to survive.
【结构分析】这是一个目的状语从句。主语是one of the chief concerns，表语the protection and improvement of the natural habitat。so that后面跟一个表目的的从句。
【词义推敲】主要的chief CEO = Chief Executive Officer
野生动物 wildlife
自然栖息地natural habitat
生存、幸存survive
【参考译文】野生动物管理的一大主要任务是对自然栖息地的保护和改良，这样，动物们就会有足够的食物和水来维持生存。
2. Wildlife management involves care of the soil to produce good vegetation；it also involves care of plants，not only as a source of food，but also as protection.
【结构分析】这是一个并列从句。有两个分句构成，中间由一分号隔开，第一个分句主语是wildlife management，第二句的it是代词，指代第一句中的wildlife management。
【词义推敲】involve 涉及、包括
vegetation 植被
not only ...，but also...，不但……，而且……
【参考译文】野生动物管理包括保护土壤，以营造良好的植被，也包括对植被的保护，这不仅是作为食物之源来保护，更是作为一个项目来保护。
3. Animals need cover to hide from their natural enemies and raise their young safely.
【结构分析】这是一个简单句。其中两个to引导的目的短语作宾语cover的补足语。
【词义推敲】natural enemies自然敌人，这里可以译为天敌
raise抚养、升起、提高；raise salary加薪
safely副词，安全地。其形容词为safe，名词形式为safety.
【参考译文】动物需要隐蔽处来应对它们的天敌并能安全抚育它们的后代。
4. Just as crops are harvested，wildlife too must sometimes be“harvested”.
【结构分析】 这是一个简单句。首句以just as引导与后面形成对比。
【词义推敲】 harvest收割，收获
crops庄稼，农作物
【参考译文】正如庄稼熟了要收割一样，野生生物有时也必须得“收获”。
5. By allowing limited hunting，good management can control certain species that threaten to overpopulate their habitat.
【结构分析】这是一个定语从句。By allowing limited hunting是介词短语作状语，主语是good management，谓语can control，宾语certain species，that后面是修饰certain species的。
【词义推敲】hunting 打猎
species 物种
threaten 威胁
【参考译文】通过允许适当打猎，良好的管理可以控制一些因过度繁殖而威胁到它们栖息地的物种。
Section B
随着社会的发展，人类对水的需求不断增加，但可供人类使用的水资源却急剧减少。水资源危机所带来的生态系统恶化等问题严重威胁着人类的生存。
如何更有效地利用水资源，推进水资源的可持续开发和保护，已经成为世界各国共同面对的紧迫问题。
1. 随着社会的发展，人类对水的需求不断增加，但可以供人类使用的水资源却急剧减少。
【结构分析】 这个句子要传达两层意思，一是人类对水资源需求增加，二是水资源减少。第二层是表示转折意的，因此用but连接前后两个句子。再看主干，主语是需求，转折句主语是饮用水。随着社会的发展是表示伴随状态的，因此可以用with来引导一个表伴随状态的短语，with the development of the society。
【词义推敲】 不断增加一个一直在进行的动作，因此可以用constantly
drinkable water饮用水
sharply；rapidly急剧
【参考译文】With the development of the society，human’s demand of water is constantly increasing，but drinkable water is reducing sharply.
2. 水资源危机所带来的生态系统恶化等问题严重威胁着人类的生存。
【结构分析】首先找主干，主语是问题，谓语是威胁。“水资源危机所带来的生态系统恶化等”是定语，修饰“问题”。因此主语是problems，像什么方面的问题，用like来举例。谓语威胁threaten，严重威胁，可译为pose a great threat to.
【词义推敲】eco-system 即ecological system生态系统 eco-tourism另生态旅游
deteriorate（Verb.）deterioration（Noun.）恶化
pose a great threat to sth严重威胁
【参考译文】Problems like the deterioration of the eco-system as a result of water crisis are posing a great threat to human beings.
3. 如何更有效利用水资源，推进水资源的可持续开发和保护，已经成为世界各国共同面对的紧迫问题。
【结构分析】 首先看句子成分，这句是“……已经成为……”。那么第一个……就是前两个句子，即如何利用，如何推进。成为后面的什么，即紧迫问题。
【词义推敲】sustainable可持续
pressing紧迫
【参考译文】How to better utilize water resource and to promote its sustainable exploitation and protection have become a pressing problem faced by all the countries in the world.
Part Ⅱ Writing
参考范文：
College Graduates Work as Village Officials
With the development of the society and the constant increase of job-hunting pressure，many people find it hard to find a job，especially the college graduates. Most of them just want to work in the big and developed cities，such as Shenzhen，Shanghai，etc. But the situation has changed. Some college graduates prefer to work as village officials in the rural areas，I think it is a good idea.
First，it not only can ease the job-hunting pressure in the big cities，but also can make the college graduates have more job chances. Second，the college graduates can bring the advanced science and technology to the lagging rural areas. For example，they can teach the villagers how to feed the pigs effectively and plant the fruits and vegetables scientifically，which can help the villagers live a wealthy life in a short time. Third，the college graduates can exercise themselves in the poor living condition. They can know much more about Chinese farmers，and they may have a better and larger platform to display their talents and abilities.
In a word，I am in favor of this idea，and I wish I could be a village official after graduation.
