【管理类联考】备战2019年英语（二）强化练习 19
来源：学苑教育 编辑：九岁红
（2018年10月13日）
【导读】：距离2018年全国硕士研究生统一考试仅有83天，为此学苑教育教学中心为保证大家在本次考试中轻松过关，针对2019年管理类联考强化复习编辑以下复习资料，来帮助大家顺利过关。
学苑教育,专注在职管理类联考21年。
翻译部分1.
Working at nonstandard times-----evenings, nights, or weekends----is taking its toll on American families. One-fifth of all employed Americans work variable or rotating shifts, and one-third work weekends, according to Harriet B. Presser, sociology professor at the University of Maryland. The result is stress on familial relationships, which is likely to continue in coming decades.
The consequences of working irregular hours vary according to gender, economic level, and whether or not children are involved. Single mothers are more likely to work nights and weekends than married mothers. Women in clerical, sales, or other low-paying jobs participate disproportionately in working late and graveyard shifts.
Married-couple households with children are increasingly becoming dual-earner households, generating more split-shift couples. School-aged children, however, may benefit from parents’ nonstandard work schedules because of the greater likelihood that a parent will be home before or after school.
翻译部分2.
Most human beings actual1y decide before they think. When any human being----executive, specialized expert or person in the street----encounters a complex issue and forms an opinion, often within a matter of seconds, how thoroughly has he or she explored the implications of the various courses of action? Answer: not very thoroughly. Very few people, no matter how inte1ligent or experienced, can take inventory of the many branching possibilities, possible outcomes, side effects, and undesired consequences of a policy or a course of action in a matter of seconds. Yet, those who pride themse1ves on being decisive often try to do just that. And once their brains lock onto an opinion, most of their thinking thereafter consists of finding support for it.
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2019学苑教育答案1：在不规范的时间内工作——傍晚、夜间或者周末——正在使美国的家庭付出代价。根据 马里兰大学社会学教授哈里特·B·普瑞丝的调查，1／5在职的美国人的工作时间不固定，或者轮班工作，1／3的人在周末工作。结果就是对家庭关系产生了压力，这种现象在未来几十年内可能持续。
在不规范的时间内工作所导致的结果根据性别和经济条件的不同而有所不同，无论是否 涉及到孩子。与已婚母亲相比，单身母亲更可能在夜间和周末上班；从事文秘、销售或其他 低收入工作的女性通常工作的时间晚，也经常轮班。
有孩子的双亲家庭正逐渐成为双收入家庭，从而导致了更多的轮班夫妇。不过，学龄儿 童可能从父母的不规范工作时间中获益，因为父(母)在其上学前或放学后在家的可能性更 大。另一方面，不规范的工作时间与婚姻的不稳定性和婚姻质量的下降这两者之间存在相互 关系。在不规范时间工作的家庭意味着家庭成员在一起吃正餐的次数更少，但是在一起吃早 餐的次数更多。
2019学苑教育答案2：实际上，大多数人在思考之前就做出了决定。任何人——行政主管、专科专家或者街道 上行走的人——遇到一个复杂问题并形成一种观点时，通常会有这样的问题，他或她怎样彻 底探究各种行为的含意呢?答案是不太彻底。不论他们多么聪明，或者多么有经验，很少有 人能够在几秒钟内评估一项政策或者一种行为的各种可能性、可能的结果、负面影响以及不 理想的后果。但是，那些为自己的果断感到自豪的人们通常尽量做事果断。一旦他们形成了 一种观点，他们随后的大多数思维活动就是找出理由来支持这种观点。
谨请期待学苑教育即将推出的：
