【管理类联考】备战2019年英语（二）强化练习 14
来源：学苑教育 编辑：九岁红
（2018年10月8日）
【导读】：距离2018年全国硕士研究生统一考试仅有73天，为此学苑教育教学中心为保证大家在本次考试中轻松过关，针对2019年管理类联考强化复习编辑以下复习资料，来帮助大家顺利过关。
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Text9
Everyone, it seems, has a health problem. After pouring billions into the National Health Service, British people moan about dirty hospitals, long waits and wasted money. In Germany the new chancellor, Angela Merkel, is under fire for suggesting changing the financing of its health system. Canada’s new Conservative Prime Minister, Stephen Harper, made a big fuss during the election about reducing the country’s lengthy medical queues. Across the rich world, affluence, aging and advancing technology are driving up health spending faster than income.
But nowhere has a bigger health problem than America. Soaring medical bills are squeezing wages, swelling the ranks of the uninsured and pushing huge firms and perhaps even the government towards bankruptcy. Ford’s announcement this week that it would cut up to 30.000 jobs by 2012 was as much a sign of it’s “legacy” health –care costs as of the ills of the car industry. Pushed by polls that show health care is one of his main domestic problems and by forecasts showing that the retiring baby-boomers (生育高峰期出生的人) will crush the government’s finances, George Bush is to unveil a reform; plan in next week’s state-of –the –union address.
America’s health system is unlike any other. The Unite States spends 16% of its GDP on health, around twice the rich-country average, equivalent to $6,280 for every American each year. Yet it is the only rich country that does not guarantee universal health coverage. Thanks to an accident of history, most Americans receive health insurance through their employer, with the government picking up the bill for the poor and the elderly.
This curious hybrid(混合物)certainly has its strengths. Americans have more choice than anybody else, and their health-care system is much more innovative. Europeans’ bills could be much higher if American medicine were not doing much of their Research and Development(R&D)for them. But there are also huge weaknesses. The one most often cited—especially by foreigners—is the army of uninsured. Some 46 million Americans do not have cover. In many cases that is out of choice and, if they fall seriously ill, hospitals have to treat them. But it is still deeply unequal. And there are also shocking inefficiencies: by some measures, 30% of American health spending is wasted.
Then there is the question of state support. Many Americans disapprove of the “socialized medicine” of Canada and Europe. In fact, even if much of the administration is done privately, around 60% of America’s heath-care bill ends up being met by the government. Proportionately, the American state already spends as much on health as the OECD(Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development)average, and that share is set to grow as the baby-boomers run up their Medicare bills and ever more employers avoid providing health-care coverage. America is, in effect, heading towards a version of socialized medicine by default.
1.Health problems mentioned in the passage include all the following EXCEPT_________.
A)poor hospital conditions in U.K.
B) Angela Merkel under attack
C)health financing in Germany
D)long waiting lines in Canada
2.Ford’s announcement of cutting up to 30,000 jobs by 2012 indicates that Ford_________.
A) has the biggest health problem of the car industry
B) has made profits from its health-care legacy
C) has accumulated too heavy a health-care burden
D)owes a great deal of debt to its employees
3.In the author’s opinion, America’s health system is _________.
A) inefficient B) feasible
C) unpopular D) successful
4.It is implied in the passage that_________.
A)America’s health system has its strengths and weaknesses
B)the US government pays medical bills for the poor and the elderly
C)some 46 million Americans do not have medical insurance
D)Europeans benefit a lot from America’s medical research
50. From the last paragraph we may learn that the “socialized medicine” is____________.
A) a practice of Canada and Europe
B) a policy adopted by the US government
C) intended for the retiring baby-boomers
D) administered by private enterprises
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[答案与考点解析]
1.B【2019学苑教育】以列举题出现的题目多属于“排除性”列举，即指需要原文中的一个信息点就可以做出来的题目。实际上，就是变相的细节题。此题目更是经典，只因为第一段第二句话中的under fire一个词汇，就可以确定选项B为正确答案。唯一的就是要求考生必须认识这个词组的意思是“受攻击”。
2.C【2019学苑教育】题干中的数字非常明确地将原文答案出处指向第二段第二句话。详细阅读后确认选项C。
3.A【2019学苑教育】题干中的America’s health system一下子将答案指向了第三段。重点在于第二句话开始的转折，看来作者认为美国卫生系统比较低效率。所以答案也就成为A。
4.D【2019学苑教育】表面上这是一道面向全文的推理题，但是从此题所处的位置来说很有可能答案句出现在第四段当中。考生遇到这种情况，完全可以先处理最后一道题，如果发现最后一道题目的答案句出现在最后一段的话，那么就可以确定这个49题的答案必然在倒数第二段当中。果然，阅读第二段的结果可以确定出答案为D。另外，很多考生被选项C所迷惑，要知道这个选项应该是细节题的答案，而因为此题属于“推理题”，故而答案必不能是文章中直接的细节改写。所以排除选项C。
5.A【2019学苑教育】此题比较简单，属于细节题的范畴，而且答案出处明确，为A。
谨请期待学苑教育即将推出的：
