【管理类联考】备战2019年英语（二）强化练习 13
来源：学苑教育 编辑：九岁红
（2018年9月30日）
【导读】：距离2018年全国硕士研究生统一考试仅有83天，为此学苑教育教学中心为保证大家在本次考试中轻松过关，针对2019年管理类联考强化复习编辑以下复习资料，来帮助大家顺利过关。
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Text8
Prior to the 20th century, many languages with small numbers of speakers survived for centuries. The increasingly interconnected modern world makes it much more difficult for small language communities to live in relative isolation, a key factor in language maintenance and preservation.
It remains to be seen whether the world can maintain its linguistic and cultural diversity in the centuries ahead. Many powerful forces appear to work against it: population growth, which pushes migrant populations into the world’s last isolated locations; mass tourism; global telecommunications and mass media; and the spread of gigantic global corporations. All of these forces appear to signify a future in which the language of advertising, popular culture, and consumer products become similar. Already English and a few other major tongues have emerged as global languages of commerce and communication. For many of the world’s peoples, learning one of these languages is viewed as the key to education, economic opportunity, and a better way of life.
Only about 3,000 languages now in use are expected to survive the coming century. Are most of the rest doomed in the century after that?
Whether most of these languages survive will probably depend on how strongly cultural groups wish to keep their identity alive through a native language. To do so will require an emphasis on bilingualism(mastery of two languages). Bilingual speakers could use their own language in smaller spheres---at home, among friends, in community settings---and a global language at work, in dealings with government, and in commercial spheres. In this way, many small languages could sustain their cultural and linguistic integrity alongside global languages, rather than yield to the homogenizing(同化的)forces of globalization.
Ironically, the trend of technological innovation that has threatened minority languages could also help save them. For example, some experts predict that computer software translation tools will one day permit minority language speakers to browse the Internet using their native tongues. Linguists are currently using computer—aided learning tools to teach a variety of threatened languages.
For many endangered languages, the line between revival and death is extremely thin. Language is remarkably resilient(有活力的),however. It is not just a tool for communicating, but also a powerful way of separating different groups, or of demonstrating group identity. Many indigenous(原生的, 土著的)communities have shown that it is possible to live in the modern world while reclaiming their unique identities through language.
1.Minority languages can be best preserved in __________.
A)an increasingly interconnected world
B)maintaining small numbers of speakers
C)relatively isolated language communities
D)following the tradition of the 20th century
2.According to Paragraph 2, that the world can maintain its linguistic diversity in the future is _______.
A)uncertain B)unrealistic
C)foreseeable D)definite
3.According to the author, bilingualism can help_________.
A)small languages become acceptable in work places
B)homogenize the world’s languages and cultures
C)global languages reach home and community settings
D)speakers maintain their linguistic and cultural identity
4.Computer technology is helpful for preserving minority languages in that it_________.
A)makes learning a global language unnecessary
B)facilitates the learning and using of those languages
C)raises public awareness of saving those languages
D)makes it easier for linguists to study those languages
5.In the author’s view, many endangered languages are________.
A)remarkably well-kept in this modern world
B)exceptionally powerful tools of communication
C)quite possible to be revived instead of dying out
D)a unique way of bringing different groups together
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[答案与考点解析]
1. C【2019学苑教育】题干中的best preserved将答案指向第一段最后一句中的key和preservation两个词汇，完整阅读此句可知，少数人使用的小语种只是在孤立的小人群众得以保持。故而正确答案必是C。另外，此题的原句与答案之间属于“正话反说”现象。
2. A【2019学苑教育】题干中的linguistic diversity将答案指向第二段第一句话。据以明显暗示答案A。
3. D【2019学苑教育】题干中的bilingualism将答案指向第四段第三句话。只要熟悉并掌握了寻找答案句的正确方法，很容易便找到了答案句的出处。由此，不难发现选项D就是原句的改写。
4. B【2019学苑教育】题干中的Computer technology将答案指向倒数第二段中的例子，因为也只有这个地方涉及到计算机科技的问题，详细阅读后确认答案为B。
5. C【2019学苑教育】题干中的endangered languages将答案指向最后一段的首句。阅读后并不能找到答案，然而第二句后的重要转折however将我们的注意力牵引到第三句上。详细阅读后得知答案为C。
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