强调句型最重要的句型是:It is(was)+ 被强调部分+ that/ who+ 句子的其他成分。英语中许多句子常常可以通过强调句型对句子的不同成分进行强调。如:
They will have a meeting tomorrow.
→It is they who/that will have a meeting tomorrow.(强调主语)
→It is a meeting that they will have tomorrow.(强调宾语)
→It is tomorrow that they will have a meeting.(强调时间状语)
应注意的要点:
(1) 强调句型可以用来强调主语、宾语(包括介词宾语)和状语。其中的it 本身没有词义。
(2) 强调句中的连接词一般只用who(指人)或that(可指物,也可指人),若被强调的是状语,也只能用that ,而不能用when 或者where。而且连接词都不能省略。如:
It was in the park that he met an old friend yesterday. (虽然强调的是地点,但不能用where)
(3) 强调句子的主语时,that 或who 之后的谓语动词的人称和数要与它前面被强调的名词或代词一致。如:
It is Mary and Tom who often do good deeds.
(4) 强调句型的时态常见的有两种:一般现在时和一般过去时。即It is ... that / who...和It was ...that/who...。如:
It was the way he asked that really upset me.
(5) 判断一个句子是否是强调句的方法是:如果将句中的It is / was...that / who... 去掉,经整理后还是一个完整的句子,本句就是强调句,否则就不是。如:
It was in today’s newspaper that we found the news. 去掉It was...that 之后,句子可以整理为:We found the news in today’s newspaper. 这是一个完整的句子,故本句是强调句。