②could可以用来:
第一种:作为can的过去时形式,表示过去那个时候的“总能力”或“可能性”。
例如:
He asked whether he could take the books out of the room. 他问可不可以把书拿出房间去。
In those days few workers could support their families. 那时很少工人能养家。
第二种:可用来比较委婉地提出问题或陈述看法。
例如:
I’m afraid we couldn’t give you an answer today. 恐怕我们今天不能给你回答。
Not even a professional could do better than that. 就是一个科班出身的也不能干得再好了。
第三种:用于虚拟条件句中构成谓语。
例如:
If you had tried harder,you could have overcome the difficulties. 要是做了更大的努力,你是可以克服困难的。
The millions of calculations involved,had they been done by hand,could have lost all practical value by the time they were finished. 如果成千上万的计算全用手工来做的话,等做完的时候,其实用价值也就不存在了。
③may可以用来:
第一种:表示一件事或许会发生(或是某种情况可能会存在),这种用法只能用在陈述句中,疑问句中则不能这样用。
例如:
You may walk ten miles without seeing a house. 你可能走十英里路也看不到一间房子。
A fool may give a wise man counsel. 傻子也可能给聪明人出主意。
第二种:表示“允许”、“可以”,相当于be allowed to。
例如:
You may take this seat if you like. 你如果高兴可以坐在这里。
You may be the first to answer if you are in a hurry. 如果你有急事,你可以第一个回答问题。
May I use your typewriter? 我可以用你的打字机吗?
第三种:在表示目的或让步的状语从句中构成谓语。
例如:
Write to her at once so that she may know in time. 马上给她去信让她及时知道。
However hard he may try,he can’t do it well. 不管他怎么努力也做不好。
第四种:表示建议(可和as well连用,译为“还是……的为好”)。
例如:
You may as well stay where you are. 你还是原地待着为好。
You may as well keep a certain distance from that mad man. 你们还是离那疯子远点为好。
You might as well go home now. 你还是现在回家为好。
④might可以用来:
第一种:作为may的过去形式,表示可以做的事或可能发生的事,多用于间接引语。
例如:
She said that he might take her book. 她说他可以拿她的书去。
He was afraid they might not like the idea. 他担心他们可能不赞成这个想法。
第二种:代替may,表示可能发生的事或可以做的事,比may更客气、更婉转。
Of course I might be wrong. 当然我可能不对。(实现的可能性比 may 小)
You might as well speak your mind. 你不妨把心中的话都讲出来。
第三种:在虚拟条件句的主句或在表示目的等的状语从句中构成谓语。
例如:
She might have learnt better if she had made better use of her time. 她要是时间利用得好些是可以学得更好的。
He said he wouldn’t change his mind whatever they might say. 他说不管他们怎样说他也不改变主意。