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2012年同等学力申硕英语考试辅导(一)
作者:佚名   来源:本站原创  日期:2011-7-22 11:42:30  点击数:
展开各个段落,不能按自己的思路发挥。考生在这方面出的问题比较多。如1994年考研作文题是:On Making Friends(论交友),其三段的提纲分别是:1.The need for friends 2.True Friendship 3.My principle in making friends.第三段的提纲要求考生围绕我交友的原则进行议论,然而有个别考生在段中这样写道:

  The former paragraph has shown my principle in making friends in some way.Furthermorewhat I want to say is that one good friend is enough.

  该考生把应放在第三段中论述的内容写在第二段中,第三段就没内容可写了。这类命题作文要求考生按规定和要求写作,不能按自己的想法随意更改,写上段作文的考生不仅第三段没有扣题,第二段也没有做到内容切题。一篇内容切题的作文应能既围绕题目,又能在各段扣准提纲,才真正符合内容切题的要求。下面这一段是另一学生的作文,都是第三段,内容切题,恰当地扣住我交友的原则"的写作要求:

  When I choose friendsI do not care what work they do or what social background they are frombut I do notice those little things which reveal one‘s characters.I would make sure that we really care for each otherso that no matter how much time goes by without seeing each otherI know my friends will always be thereready to help if I need themAnd

  I know we are true friends indeed.www.examda.com

  (二)能正确地表达思想

  一篇好短文能使读者一目了然。文章的思路应清楚,逻辑性强,能准确表达作者的思想。请对比下面两段:

  Have you a bikeTaking a bike is a good waymost people think.But in university it seems not as good as other places.Bikes are possible to be stolen now and then.Having a bike isn’t always good enough for us to buy one.

  上段作者的思路紊乱不清,字里行间不仅有许多语病,而且也没能把思想表达清楚。读后仍不知作者在表达什么思想、观点,因而这样的段落只能得0分。请看下段:

  It is very convenient to use bikes in China.Bikes don‘need fuelnor a garage or a large parking lot.Bikes can go through narrow streets and their prices are low.So bikes are the most popular vehicles in China today.上段的作者以其简单的词汇、简洁的语言、清楚的思路正确地表达了思想,使读者观后能即刻领会作者的思想。

  要能正确地表达思想,考生还应掌握一些写作技巧,如写好段落主题句,展开段落的方法,写好段尾句等。此外还应掌握一定的词汇量和习惯表达法。

  (三)意义连贯

  文章的层次要分明,条理要清楚,上下文之间、词与词、句与句之间要上下连贯,前后呼应,才能使文章结构严谨,思路清晰、有条理。

  下面这个段落是一篇文章的第三段。文章的标题是:Good Health;提纲是1.Importance of good health2.Ways to keep fit3.My own practice.根据第三段的提纲"我的做法",一个考生这样写:

  I don‘t eat meat much.Every morning I take the long run and in my spare time I like playing tennis and volleyball.In this way I keep good health and lead a happy life.

  上段基本切题,包括提纲要点,表达也基本清楚,但是表达不够连贯。第一句话让人读起来感觉有些突然,分析第一句,作者没有把意思表达清楚,作者我吃肉不多"一定含有这样的意思:我饮食素淡,吃蔬菜水果多,吃肉少。如果能把这层意思写出来,文章的连贯性也就体现出来了。作者的第二句是从体育锻炼方面来表明自己是如何保持健康的,这应是本段中的又一层意思,在这里如能加一个过渡词,会使文章过渡自然流畅。请看下面经过修改的段落:

  As for me1),I enjoy a good health as I keep a simple diet with more vegetabl esfruit and less meat.MoreoverI do some exercises whenever I have time such as long distance runningplaying tennis or volleyball.As a result2),I have been a top student all through the four years in the university.So good health is important to everyone3)。

  (1)发挥了承上启下的作用,没有这样一个介词短语,从第二段过渡到第三段就会显得生硬一些。(2)也起到了连贯作用,在上述两方面保持健康的方法介绍完后,应该进一步写出所产生的结果,这结果就是对全段的总结概括。(3)对文章的标题及开头起了首尾呼应的作用。

  (四)无重大语法错误重大语法错误

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